Urolithin A (Mitopure)
Mitophagy activator for mitochondrial renewal
What It Is
Urolithin A triggers mitophagy — the selective recycling of damaged mitochondria. It's naturally produced from gut bacteria metabolizing ellagitannins (found in pomegranates), but most people don't produce enough. Timeline's Mitopure is a direct supplement form.
How It Works
Urolithin A activates PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, clearing dysfunctional mitochondria and stimulating biogenesis of new ones. This improves cellular energy capacity and reduces oxidative stress from damaged mitochondria.
The Science
Urolithin A improves muscle strength, exercise performance, and biomarkers of mitochondrial health in middle-aged adults
Cell Reports Medicine (2022) · PubMed
4-month RCT showing Mitopure improved muscle endurance and plasma biomarkers of mitochondrial function.
Dosage
500–1000mg/day (based on published Amazentis/Timeline trials). The clinical studies used their proprietary Mitopure form.
Safety
Well-tolerated in published trials up to 2000mg. FDA GRAS status. No significant adverse effects reported.
Skeptic's Corner
The published RCTs are mostly funded by Amazentis (the company that makes Mitopure), which is a conflict of interest. While the mechanism is compelling and the data is real, independent replication is needed. Also, regular pomegranate consumption may provide similar benefits for those who naturally produce urolithin A.
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